Table 23, KQ2 summary of findings and strength of evidence for school interventions - ADHD Diagnosis and Treatment in Children and Adolescents

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Intervention and Comparison	Outcome	Number of Studies; Study Design and IDs	Findings	Reasons for Downgrading	SoE
KQ2 school intervention vs control	Behavior	3 RCTs²³⁸^, ⁴³³^, ⁵³¹	Conflicting results, no meaningful summary estimate could be derived (SMD −0.01; CI −1.38, 1.36; 2 studies, n=395)	C	Insufficient
KQ2 school intervention vs control	Broadband measures	0 studies	No data	C	Insufficient
KQ2 school intervention vs control	ADHD symptoms	6 RCTs²⁰⁸^, ²⁵⁹^, ⁵²⁹^, ⁵³¹^, ⁵⁷⁷^, ⁶⁴⁰	No systematic effect (SMD −0.50; CI −1.05, 0.06; 5 studies, n=822)	I	Low for no benefit
KQ2 school intervention vs control	Functional impairment	2 RCTs²⁰⁸^, ²⁵⁹	Conflicting results, no meaningful summary estimate could be derived (SMD 0.22; CI −4.39, 4.82; 2 studies; n=274)	C	Insufficient
KQ2 school intervention vs control	Acceptability of treatment	1 RCT ¹⁶³	Studies reported favorable results, but effect could not be estimated	I	Insufficient
KQ2 school intervention vs control	Academic performance	5 RCTs¹⁶³^, ²³⁸^, ²⁵⁹^, ⁵²⁹^, ⁵³¹	No systematic effect (SMD −0.19; CI −0.48, 0.09; 5 studies, n=854)	I	Low for no benefit
KQ2 school intervention vs control	Appetite suppression	0 studies	No data	C	Insufficient
KQ2 school intervention vs control	Participants with adverse events	0 studies	No data	C	Insufficient

: Notes: ADHD = attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, C = inconsistency, CI = 95% confidence interval, I = imprecision, KQ = Key Question, RCT = randomized controlled trial, RR = relative risk, SMD = standardized mean differences, SoE = strength of evidence

ADHD Diagnosis and Treatment in Children and Adolescents [Internet].

Comparative Effectiveness Review, No. 267.

Peterson BS, Trampush J, Maglione M, et al.

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