PICO question:

What is the effectiveness of excluding cow's milk protein and goat's milk protein in improving constipation in neonates, infants and all children up to their 18th birthday diagnosed with idiopathic constipation?
Patients/Population

Neonates (newborns), infants and all children up to their 18th birthday diagnosed with idiopathic constipation
Intervention/Exposure

Cow's milk free diet

Goat's milk free diet

Soy milk diet

Any other milk substitute/formula diet
Control

Usual / “normal” diet including cow's milk
Outcomes

Changes in frequency of bowel movements

Changes in stool consistency/appearance

Changes in pain/difficulty on passing stools

Reduction in episodes of soiling

From: Appendix I, Search Strategies

Cover of Constipation in Children and Young People
Constipation in Children and Young People: Diagnosis and Management of Idiopathic Childhood Constipation in Primary and Secondary Care.
NICE Clinical Guidelines, No. 99.
National Collaborating Centre for Women's and Children's Health (UK).
London: RCOG Press; 2010.
Copyright © 2010, National Collaborating Centre for Women's and Children's Health.

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