Biggs et al. Evaluation and treatment of constipation in infants and children. 2006. American Family Physician 73[3], 469-477 | Non systematic review. No relevant data on prevalence of hypothyroidism. References checked. |
Milla. The pathophysiology of constipation. 2007. Annales Nestle 65[2], 55-61Switzerland. | Discussion paper. No relevant data on prevalence of hypothyroidism. References checked. |
Silverberg et al. Pediatric gastroenterology. A review. 1970. Gastroenterology 58[2], 229-252 | Non systematic review. No relevant data on prevalence of coeliac disease. References checked. |
Sauvat. Diagnosis of constipation in children. 2007. Annales Nestle 65[2], 63-71Switzerland. | Discussion paper. No relevant data on prevalence of coeliac disease. References checked. |
Ashorn. Gastrointestinal diseases in the paediatric age groups in Europe: Epidemiology and impact on healthcare. 2003. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Supplement 18[3], 80-83United Kingdom. | Discussion paper. No relevant data on prevalence of coeliac disease. References checked. |
Kokkonen et al. Gastrointestinal complaints and diagnosis in children: A population-based study. 2004. Acta Paediatrica 93[7], 880-886Norway. | Cross sectional, population based study. No relevant data on prevalence of coeliac disease in children with constipation |
Valicenti-McDermott et al. Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Children with an Autism Spectrum Disorder and Language Regression. 2008. Pediatric Neurology 39[6], 392-398United States. | Cross sectional study. No relevant data on prevalence of coeliac disease in children with constipation |
Tully. Pediatric celiac disease. 2008. Gastroenterology Nursing 31[2], 132-140 | Discussion paper. No relevant data on prevalence of coeliac disease. References checked. |
Michaud. [Unusual forms of presentation of primary hypothyroidism]. [Spanish]. 1987. Revista Medica de Chile 115[9], 872-880 | Paper in Spanish |
Lloyd-Still. Constipation in children. 1977. Comprehensive Therapy 3[9], 35-39 | Discussion paper. No relevant data on prevalence of hypothyroidism. References checked. |
Dinari et al. Constipation as a presenting symptom in childhood-a diagnostic problem. 1981. American Journal of Proctology, Gastroenterology and Colon and Rectal Surgery 32[1], 16-17 | 4 case reports, only one with coeliac disease |
McNicholl et al. Infancy celiac disease without diarrhea. 1972. Pediatrics 49[1], 85-91 | 3 case reports: children presetting with failure to thrive, anorexia, vomiting and verifying degrees of constipation. Sample intentionally selected for descriptive purposes, not possible to calculate prevalence |
Khan et al. Functional childhood constipation: A practical approach. 1999. Practical Gastroenterology 23[12], 16-34United States. | Discussion paper. No relevant data on prevalence of hypothyroidism. References checked. |
DeBoer et al. Differential presentation for children with autoimmune thyroiditis discovered because of symptom development or screening. 2008. Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism 21[8], 753-761Israel. | Low quality study, retrospective cohort. Not possible to perform our own calculations to make sense of the data for the purpose of our review as there are missing data not accounted for and therefore it is unclear how many children were euthyroid and how many had subclinical/overt hypothyroidism |