Bisoprolol

Bisoprolol is a medication used to manage and treat hypertension and congestive heart failure. The drug belongs to the selective beta-blocker class of drugs and acts explicitly as a cardioselective beta1-blocker (B1-blocker). Bisoprolol mainly focuses on beta1 receptors in the heart to address several heart conditions, such as congestive heart failure. The drug does not affect the undesirable B2 receptors, which could affect different bodily systems. Selective B1-blockers, including bisoprolol, have adverse inotropic and chronotropic effects, decreasing heart contractions and heart rate. Consequently, bisoprolol reduces the oxygen consumption of myocardial cells, relieving the heart's workload. B1 receptors are also present in the juxtaglomerular cells of the kidneys. By blocking these receptors, bisoprolol reduces the release of renin, thereby blocking the activation of the renin-angiotensin system. This dual action on the heart and kidneys makes bisoprolol effective in managing hypertension and related conditions.