U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination

Stillbirth

MedGen UID:
154536
•Concept ID:
C0595939
•
Finding
Synonym: Stillbirths
SNOMED CT: SB - Stillbirth (237364002); Stillbirth (237364002)
 
HPO: HP:0003826

Definition

Death of the fetus in utero after at least 22 weeks of gestation. [from HPO]

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Clinical utility of sFlt-1 and PlGF in screening, prediction, diagnosis and monitoring of pre-eclampsia and fetal growth restriction.
Stepan H, Galindo A, Hund M, Schlembach D, Sillman J, Surbek D, Vatish M
Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2023 Feb;61(2):168-180. doi: 10.1002/uog.26032. PMID: 35816445
Antepartum Fetal Surveillance: ACOG Practice Bulletin, Number 229.
Obstet Gynecol 2021 Jun 1;137(6):e116-e127. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000004410. PMID: 34011889
FIGO (international Federation of Gynecology and obstetrics) initiative on fetal growth: best practice advice for screening, diagnosis, and management of fetal growth restriction.
Melamed N, Baschat A, Yinon Y, Athanasiadis A, Mecacci F, Figueras F, Berghella V, Nazareth A, Tahlak M, McIntyre HD, Da Silva Costa F, Kihara AB, Hadar E, McAuliffe F, Hanson M, Ma RC, Gooden R, Sheiner E, Kapur A, Divakar H, Ayres-de-Campos D, Hiersch L, Poon LC, Kingdom J, Romero R, Hod M
Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2021 Mar;152 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):3-57. doi: 10.1002/ijgo.13522. PMID: 33740264Free PMC Article

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Genomics of stillbirth.
Giordano JL, Wapner RJ
Semin Perinatol 2024 Feb;48(1):151866. Epub 2023 Dec 19 doi: 10.1016/j.semperi.2023.151866. PMID: 38238216
Stillbirth: Evaluation and Follow-up.
Page JM, Silver RM
Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am 2020 Sep;47(3):439-451. doi: 10.1016/j.ogc.2020.04.008. PMID: 32762929
Management of Stillbirth: Obstetric Care Consensus No, 10.
Obstet Gynecol 2020 Mar;135(3):e110-e132. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000003719. PMID: 32080052
Obesity and stillbirth.
Woolner AM, Bhattacharya S
Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2015 Apr;29(3):415-26. Epub 2014 Oct 16 doi: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2014.07.025. PMID: 25457855
Stillbirth.
Smith GC, Fretts RC
Lancet 2007 Nov 17;370(9600):1715-25. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61723-1. PMID: 18022035

Diagnosis

Genomics of stillbirth.
Giordano JL, Wapner RJ
Semin Perinatol 2024 Feb;48(1):151866. Epub 2023 Dec 19 doi: 10.1016/j.semperi.2023.151866. PMID: 38238216
Pregnancy complications and later life women's health.
McNestry C, Killeen SL, Crowley RK, McAuliffe FM
Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2023 May;102(5):523-531. Epub 2023 Feb 17 doi: 10.1111/aogs.14523. PMID: 36799269Free PMC Article
Evaluation of stillbirth.
Page JM, Silver RM
Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 2018 Apr;30(2):130-135. doi: 10.1097/GCO.0000000000000441. PMID: 29489503
Interventions to prevent stillbirth.
Page JM, Silver RM
Semin Fetal Neonatal Med 2017 Jun;22(3):135-145. Epub 2017 Apr 28 doi: 10.1016/j.siny.2017.02.010. PMID: 28457816
Complicated grief after perinatal loss.
Kersting A, Wagner B
Dialogues Clin Neurosci 2012 Jun;14(2):187-94. doi: 10.31887/DCNS.2012.14.2/akersting. PMID: 22754291Free PMC Article

Therapy

Safety of Biologics for Atopic Diseases During Pregnancy.
Shakuntulla F, Chiarella SE
J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2022 Dec;10(12):3149-3155. Epub 2022 Aug 18 doi: 10.1016/j.jaip.2022.08.013. PMID: 35987486Free PMC Article
Prevention of preeclampsia with aspirin.
Rolnik DL, Nicolaides KH, Poon LC
Am J Obstet Gynecol 2022 Feb;226(2S):S1108-S1119. Epub 2020 Aug 21 doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2020.08.045. PMID: 32835720
Advanced maternal age and adverse pregnancy outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Lean SC, Derricott H, Jones RL, Heazell AEP
PLoS One 2017;12(10):e0186287. Epub 2017 Oct 17 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186287. PMID: 29040334Free PMC Article
Oligohydramnios in complicated and uncomplicated pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Rabie N, Magann E, Steelman S, Ounpraseuth S
Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2017 Apr;49(4):442-449. doi: 10.1002/uog.15929. PMID: 27062200
Caesarean section for non-medical reasons at term.
Lavender T, Hofmeyr GJ, Neilson JP, Kingdon C, Gyte GM
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012 Mar 14;2012(3):CD004660. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD004660.pub3. PMID: 22419296Free PMC Article

Prognosis

Incidence of stillbirth: effect of deprivation.
Arechvo A, Nikolaidi DA, Gil MM, Rolle V, Syngelaki A, Akolekar R, Nicolaides KH
Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2023 Feb;61(2):198-206. doi: 10.1002/uog.26096. PMID: 36273374
Neonatal resuscitation from a global perspective.
Shukla VV, Carlo WA, Niermeyer S, Guinsburg R
Semin Perinatol 2022 Oct;46(6):151630. Epub 2022 May 21 doi: 10.1016/j.semperi.2022.151630. PMID: 35725655
Stillbirth: Evaluation and Follow-up.
Page JM, Silver RM
Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am 2020 Sep;47(3):439-451. doi: 10.1016/j.ogc.2020.04.008. PMID: 32762929
Valuing Stillbirths.
Phillips J, Millum J
Bioethics 2015 Jul;29(6):413-23. Epub 2014 Nov 14 doi: 10.1111/bioe.12120. PMID: 25395144Free PMC Article
Stillbirth.
Smith GC, Fretts RC
Lancet 2007 Nov 17;370(9600):1715-25. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61723-1. PMID: 18022035

Clinical prediction guides

Association between maternal benzodiazepine or Z-hypnotic use in early pregnancy and the risk of stillbirth, preterm birth, and small for gestational age: a nationwide, population-based cohort study in Taiwan.
Meng LC, Lin CW, Lin YC, Huang ST, Chen YY, Shang CY, Wu CY, Chen LK, Chan KA, Hsiao FY
Lancet Psychiatry 2023 Jul;10(7):499-508. doi: 10.1016/S2215-0366(23)00148-7. PMID: 37353262
Clinical utility of sFlt-1 and PlGF in screening, prediction, diagnosis and monitoring of pre-eclampsia and fetal growth restriction.
Stepan H, Galindo A, Hund M, Schlembach D, Sillman J, Surbek D, Vatish M
Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2023 Feb;61(2):168-180. doi: 10.1002/uog.26032. PMID: 35816445
The role of the fetal biophysical profile in the management of fetal growth restriction.
Baschat AA, Galan HL, Lee W, DeVore GR, Mari G, Hobbins J, Vintzileos A, Platt LD, Manning FA
Am J Obstet Gynecol 2022 Apr;226(4):475-486. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2022.01.020. PMID: 35369904
RNA profiles reveal signatures of future health and disease in pregnancy.
Rasmussen M, Reddy M, Nolan R, Camunas-Soler J, Khodursky A, Scheller NM, Cantonwine DE, Engelbrechtsen L, Mi JD, Dutta A, Brundage T, Siddiqui F, Thao M, Gee EPS, La J, Baruch-Gravett C, Santillan MK, Deb S, Ame SM, Ali SM, Adkins M, DePristo MA, Lee M, Namsaraev E, Gybel-Brask DJ, Skibsted L, Litch JA, Santillan DA, Sazawal S, Tribe RM, Roberts JM, Jain M, Høgdall E, Holzman C, Quake SR, Elovitz MA, McElrath TF
Nature 2022 Jan;601(7893):422-427. Epub 2022 Jan 5 doi: 10.1038/s41586-021-04249-w. PMID: 34987224Free PMC Article
Antenatal interventions for preventing stillbirth, fetal loss and perinatal death: an overview of Cochrane systematic reviews.
Ota E, da Silva Lopes K, Middleton P, Flenady V, Wariki WM, Rahman MO, Tobe-Gai R, Mori R
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2020 Dec 18;12(12):CD009599. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD009599.pub2. PMID: 33336827Free PMC Article

Recent systematic reviews

Pregnancy in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a systematic review.
Zhang S, Han X, Liu W, Wen Q, Wang J
Arch Gynecol Obstet 2023 Jul;308(1):63-71. Epub 2022 Aug 1 doi: 10.1007/s00404-022-06718-7. PMID: 35913558
A Systematic Review to Compare Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Women with Pregestational Diabetes and Gestational Diabetes.
Malaza N, Masete M, Adam S, Dias S, Nyawo T, Pheiffer C
Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022 Aug 31;19(17) doi: 10.3390/ijerph191710846. PMID: 36078559Free PMC Article
Maternal and foetal-neonatal outcomes of dengue virus infection during pregnancy.
Rathore SS, Oberoi S, Hilliard J, Raja R, Ahmed NK, Vishwakarma Y, Iqbal K, Kumari C, Velasquez-Botero F, Nieto-Salazar MA, Cortes GAM, Akomaning E, Musa IEM
Trop Med Int Health 2022 Jul;27(7):619-629. Epub 2022 Jun 11 doi: 10.1111/tmi.13783. PMID: 35689528
Advanced maternal age and adverse pregnancy outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Lean SC, Derricott H, Jones RL, Heazell AEP
PLoS One 2017;12(10):e0186287. Epub 2017 Oct 17 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186287. PMID: 29040334Free PMC Article
Oligohydramnios in complicated and uncomplicated pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Rabie N, Magann E, Steelman S, Ounpraseuth S
Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2017 Apr;49(4):442-449. doi: 10.1002/uog.15929. PMID: 27062200

Supplemental Content

Table of contents

    Clinical resources

    Practice guidelines

    • PubMed
      See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.
    • Bookshelf
      See practice and clinical guidelines in NCBI Bookshelf. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.

    Consumer resources

    Reviews

    Related information

    • ClinVar
      Related medical variations
    • GTR
      Related information in GTR
    • GTR(Clinical)
      Clinical tests in GTR
    • MeSH
      Related Medical Subject Headings
    • PMC Articles
      Related information in PubMed Central Links
    • PubMed
      Related literature resources in PubMed

    Recent activity

    Clear Turn Off Turn On

    Your browsing activity is empty.

    Activity recording is turned off.

    Turn recording back on

    See more...